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The solar pioneers, who put into motion the creation of AFASE and ultimately ISES, advocated for more
            coordinated and accelerated research in solar technologies. This was a prophetic recognition that solar
            development would no longer be an activity of a few enthusiasts but would become an absolute necessity for
            meeting the energy needs of the future. The recognition was further motivated by Bell Telephone Laboratories,
            which patented the first commercial solar cell in 1954.

            Over the years ISES became an important forum for solar energy scientists and engineers around the
            world to communicate their work, check their results, critically analyse ideas and findings, and arrive at a
            constantly increasing wealth of facts. Now armies of entrepreneurs and industries are providing the means
            for changing over from fossil and nuclear-drive energy technologies to the benign, renewable and profitable
            solar technologies of the future.

            ISES Today
                                         The global voice for renewable energy
            For over 65 years the members of ISES have undertaken the product research that has helped the renewable
            energy industry to grow. ISES, through its knowledge sharing and community building programs, helps its
            global membership provide the technical answers to accelerate the transformation to 100% renewable energy
            and thereby achieve the following vision:
             The International Solar Energy Society (ISES) envisions a world with 100% renewable energy for everyone
                                                 used wisely and efficiently.

            ISES facilitates the knowledge sharing between its members and the wider communities through:
            •  Active country sections and affiliates;
            •  The scientific publication: Solar Energy Journal;
            •  Webinars;
            •  Infographics;
            •  Renewable Transformation Challenge (RTC) + ISES Awards;
            •  Young ISES -- social and professional network for young members;
            •  Active participation in many international organisations and events; and
            •  The biannual conferences -- Solar World Congress (SWC) and EuroSun.

            The Solar World Congresses
            The first SWC was held in Melbourne Australia in 1970. Following the second SWC in the USA in 1971, the
            Congresses then became bi-annual events generally held in the odd years. The following table shows where
            the 27 SWCs have been held.

                                                 Table 1: Locations of SWC

             Year         City, Country                          Year     City, Country
             1970          Melbourne, Australia                  1997     Taejon, South Korea
             1971         Greenbelt, USA                         1999     Jerusalem, Israel
             1973         Paris, France                          2000     Mexico City, Mexico
                                                                                            1
             1975          Los Angeles, USA                      2001     Adelaide, Australia
             1977         New Delhi, India (held January 1978)   2003     Göteburg, Sweden
             1979          Atlanta, USA                          2005     Orlando, USA
             1981         Brighton, UK                           2007     Beijing, China

             1983         Perth, Australia                       2009     Johannesburg, South Africa
             1985         Montreal, Canada                       2011     Kassel, Germany
             1987         Hamburg, Germany                       2013     Cancun, Mexico
             1989         Kobe, Japan                            2015     Daegu, South Korea


            1   A special SWC highlighted as the Solar Millennium




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