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•       All power requirements can be met by renewables combined with storage systems; technologies,
                    such as nuclear and gas-fired power plants will not be needed in this transformed energy infrastructure.

            •       Furthermore, carbon capture and storage technologies are not needed to achieve 100% renewables.

            •       Besides the electrification of the heating and cooling and the transport sectors, there will remain
                    a need for other renewable technologies to decarbonize many processes that cannot be
                    easily achieved through electrification, such as the production of process heat
                    in manufacturing, mining and food processing. As costs come down, green hydrogen
                    produced by electricity and power-to-gas technologies can also be used to meet a portion of
                    our end use energy requirements.

            •       The technological capabilities for a 100% renewable energy world are already in existence, and
                    as their  costs come down the access to finance for this transformation will continue to increase.
                    What will be needed are ambitious policy initiatives, including, perhaps, a global price on carbon,
                    and excellent communication strategies to ensure public understanding and acceptance, as well as
                    equitable access to energy for all people within the energy transformation process.

            •       A well-educated research community as well as a strong workforce training program and easily
                    accessible retraining activities must be an inherent part of this energy transformation. Among other
                    key interventions, governments should still support and expand the financing of renewable energy
                    technology innovation.

            •       Aggressive action to ensure global quality standards for renewable technology manufacturing and
                    installation processes must be inherent in all aspects of the energy transformation and included as
                    part of this workforce development.

                   12.4 What Will Be the ISES’ Role in Leading and Supporting the
                                           Renewable Energy Future?


            For its next 50 years, ISES will focus its work on these ten basic elements of a transformation to a 100%
            renewable energy system. Specific examples of the ISES activities will be as follows:

            •       Advocate for R&D to support technology innovations that further brings down costs, improves
                    system  efficiency and reliability (as well as longevity) and reduces financial risks and improves
                    investor confidence and project bankability essential to achieve a 100% renewable energy target.

            •       Support specific enabling policies (e.g., carbon pricing, innovative financing schemes, technology
                    deployment targets) to advance the transformation.

            •       Broaden our effective communications to our stakeholders and the public through our publications,
                    journals, (infographics, webinars, congresses, press releases) to achieve broad and, ideally, universal
                    support for the energy transformation.
            •       Develop educational programs that focus on building an equitable and sustainable energy
                    transformation, as well as programs that broaden the awareness of renewable energy curricula to
                    young students and make mentorship programs available to students without access to institutions
                    that carry these curricula.
            •       Expand our Young ISES activities to encourage much broader participation in the energy
                    transformation by young people from a wide variety of backgrounds and interests entering their
                    professional careers.
            •       Continue to engage with and provide technical support to key partners (REN21, IRENA, ISA, IEA,
                    GSC, etc.) and establish new partnerships with broad and diverse communities that are stakeholders
                    in the transformation.
            •       Commit to ensuring that all ongoing and future ISES programs embrace the JEDI (Justice, Equity,
                    Diversity and Inclusivity) principles.

            These actions all support the ISES vision of a 100% renewable energy world readily available to the entire global community.


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